BLUE SAPPHIRE

All gem quality corundum, which are not red, are known as sapphire except Padparadscha, which is the second only variety of corundum, which has been given its own name as Ruby being the first one. The blue variety of corundum is known as blue sapphire as its color suggests. The blue color in blue sapphire comes from the impurities of iron and titanium. The most valuable is the clear deep blue color. Gem quality sapphire are found in Burma, Sri Lanka and India. The best Indian blue sapphire comes from Kashmir, which exhibits cornflower blue color. Dark blue sapphires come from Nigeria, Thailand and Australia, which can appear nearly black. An attractive metallic blue color comes from Montana (USA). Other localities are Brazil, Colombia, Malawi, Kenya and Cambodia.  

Crystal Structure: Trigonal

Hardness: 9

Specific Gravity: 4

Refractive Index: 1.76-1.77

Colors: Light blue to deep blue to black.

Luster: Vitreous

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